Automatic machine for electrical condensers



July 19, 1949.

H. 1. DANZIGER AUTOMATIC MACHINE FOR ELECTRICAL CONDENSERS Original Filed Sept. 28, 1942 4 Shee'ts-Sheet 1 llhm INVENTOR. HA 201.0 I /1 rvz/aEQ $95,14 ATTO EY.

July 19, 1949. H. 1. DANZIGER 2,476,707

AUTOMATIC MACHINE FOR ELECTRICAL CONDENSERS Original Filed Sept. 28, 1942 I 4; Sheets-Sheet 2 July 19, 1949. H. 1. DANZIGER 2,476,707

AUTOMATIC MACHINE FOR ELECTRICAL CQNDENSERS I Original Filed Sept. 28, 1942 4 Sheets-Sheet s INVENTOR. HAROLD I. DA lvz/ase ATTORNEY.

July 19,1949.

H. l.' DANZIGER AUTOMATIC MACHINE FOR ELECTRICAL CONDENSERS Origihal Filed Sept. 28, 1942 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR.

R m Z M .a 0. 9 I WP w w w 7 n .4. HA 2 a w m 3 5 n v 3 la m w w. M a e 3 1m 3 ATTORNEY- Patented July 19, 1949 UNITED STATES OFFicE 2,476,707 assesses-it ivincmN" E FOR EIi-Ee'mieziii GONDENSERS name i. esteem, west dis-ra e; i. rigiiial asset-ease September 2&21942; sens N6; 4630;016, .iii'itiflatcnt No; 2,419;484';1dated April 22, 1947; Divided and, this application March 8; 1945; Serial No. 581,643

56mins. (01.- 19: 5)

This estimate is a diif ioii tr mv term te application Serial No. 460',Q1 6, filed Sebtenibi 28, 1942', now Patent No. 2,419,484, granted fibril 22, 1947, and entitled Condenser assem lin ma chine. This invention relates particularlir' to novel testing' and ejecting afiiiaiatiis' for siich ma chines. 7 It is an object of my invention to pi ovide a novel and improved inechaiiisiiiivhich is oberabie automatically for testing reliablji electrical condense-rs and sorting them according to iir-es'c rih'ed characteristics. v I

It is another object to providenovel means in. condenser assembling machines for cleaning the ends of the condensers from excess sealing ma rm t t It is another object to provide a novel association of said last-stated means with a condenser ejecting mechanism whereby each condenser is cleaned automatically as an incident to the ejection thereof from the machine. I L

It is anotherobject to provideimproved eiect ing apparatus for machines of the character described. V A I These and ot-her objects and features of my invention will more fully appear frorn the following description and the appendedclaims;

In the description of my invention reference is had to the accompanyin drawings, of which:

Figure 1 is a top plan- View of a condenser assembling machine in- Whichmy invention is' incorporated; 4

Figure 2 is a vertical cross sectional view taken substantially on the line 2-4 of Figure I; t

Figure 3 is a fractional vertical sectional view of the last sealing station of the said condenser assembling machine;

Figure 4 is a side eIeva-tional View; partly in vertical section on the line 5 4 of Figure 1; showing the station for testing the assembled condensers for shortcircuits.

Figure 5 is a top plan View of the testing station shown in Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a; fractional vertical sectional View taken substantially 6n the line 6 6 of Figure 5;

Figure 7 is a View at s'tiiictiire and circuits of the station for testing the condensersfor elec trical capacity; I

Figure 8 is a fractional vertical sectional View of the station for ejecting the finished condensers from the machine;

Figure 9 is a fratiorialvertical vievi as seen from the line 9 9 of Figure 8; and V Figure 10 isa fracticnai horizontalsectional hectares asst-status; on the use iiiit of Fig uiei 8.

dis shown in F gfi ri s im m laiyfdrm as viev'vjed ia vvebsii sue:- which ther s an shaft l3. Cai'ried, the

H is eminar ans is iiin, time rit rojtar'y n'io iofi in n fct ii; the distance of vai 6i 5, anci seine as toinove each tuiiibljr n into the iqosition p'fe vi asm o'ccuties 53? the olii ifnfiiegliatelj ahead oft it. Ih'is ii'iteff iitti'it adv 2:2 t e tableiisefie'dted by srstciitmeanam 'coififi sir e'aieverla as/ates dfi the tart [3 and held stationary to th serves t tahieat h ale. was i 1 i e e e' ii l d vo s ndid wi h ac e mins froin the shelf l5 at ofiiiosite sides of eachsiot it. (This journalling is not herein n cessarj to de- S sa t heme preiii ieye f l $151 Q5 z. .f. r 'fi .ii h ei is c ties b risi izafiele ere isearing time ha WhishfiXWWrfiiflli im. amen bl iw q ii rnallfi ini i e i s pro i 1; th ind s qfifih she f- A qi arhea i5 is e fl a l wine}; e aci sh b andeaoli l ia v ov w slinner face vvith adiametricai-toneu 46; The shafts serve as a means for turning the tumblers in the assembling operations of the machine. However, the shafts are normally held stationary by arcuate plates 5? which are secured to the top edge of the frame to in positions to bear slidably against the under sides of the tongues 45. For retaining the condenser bodies positively within the tumblers within portions of the path of travel of the bodies there are provided stationary plates 49, supported by the frame through brackets 52, which lie below the tumblers and extend along the path or" travel thereof. plates are however inefiectiveat certain stations-- 1. e., have open spaces below the tumblers at certain places-to permit ejection of the condenser bodies from the tumblers as is hereinafter described.

The operation of the overall machine shown in Figures 1 and 21s as follows: At the place designated by the bracket 21in Figure 1, which is referred to as the Loading station, the condenser shells l8 and bodies 18 (as shown in Figure 3) are inserted by hand into the tumblers successively, there being a shell and body inserted into each tumbler. Following the loading station and spaced at suitable intervals around the table are the stations which perform the separate operation by which the condenser parts are assembled and the finished condensers are tested and ejected from the machine. Thesestations appear in the following order as one proceeds from the loading station about the table in the direction of its advance: a first Tinning station? 28 for applying solder to one end of each condenser body, a

Turning station 29 for inverting each tumbler,

a second Tinning station 28a for applying solder to the other end of each condenser body, a first station 30 for forming a terminal and applying and soldering the same to one tinned end of each condenser body, which station is referred to simply as a Terminal-soldering station, a second Turning station 29a, a second Terminal-soldering station 30a for soldering a terminal to the other tinned end of each body, a first Sealing station 32 for sealing closed one end of each shell, a third Turning station 29a, a second Sealing station 32a for sealing closed the opposite end of each shell, a Short-circuit testing station 8% for testing the finished condensers for short circuits and ejecting those from the machine which test defective, a Capacity-testing station 35a for testing the condensers for capacity and ejecting those exceeding prescribed tolerance limits, and an Ejecting station 36 for discharging from the machine the condensers which have passed the testing stations.

For a detail description of the assembling stations of the complete machine reference may be had to the parent application abovementioned. The present invention is concerned primarily with the testing stations 34 and 34a, and the ejecting station 36, wherefore these stations are herein next described in detail.

When the condenser body and shell of each tumbler has passed the last of the assembling stationswhich is the second sealing station 32athe body has been sealed in the shell and has a pair of wire terminals H6 connected to the ends thereof, which project beyond the shells as shown at position A in Figure 4. At this position the assembled condenser is entering, with advance of the table I4, the short-circuit testing station 34. This station-which appears in Figures 4, 5 and 6 operates to test the condensers successively for short circuits during successive periods of advance These stationary retaining of the table. Whenever a condenser tests as being shorted, the testing means prepares an ejecting means for operation. This ejecting means is then put into operation during the next succeeding rest period of the table to eject the defective condenser from the machine.

Reference being had to Figures 4 and 5, it will be seen that as a condenser is carried from one rest position A to the next succeeding rest position B, the terminals of the condenser engage a pair of flexible conductor blades 240 which are supported in horizontal positions, one above and one below the shelf of the table 14, by an upright insulating post 24|. This post is mounted on a housing 242 fractionally shown, it being understood that the housing 242 is suitably secured to the main frame Hl'of the machine. The blades 249 lead respectively to a pair of terminals 243 at the bottom of the post, which are connected in a circuit 244 serially including the actuating coil 245 of a relay 246 and a pair of terminals 24'! adapted to make connection with a suitable source of current. The relay coil actuates a switch 248 comprising an upper movable switch blade 249 and a lower semi-stationary blade 249 held insulatedly in horizontal positions by a stack 255 and bracket 25!. The movable blade is biased upwardly, to maintain the switch normally open, but carries an armature 252 by which the blade is pulled down into closed position as the relay coil 245 is energized. Overlying the blade 249 is a vertical detent arm 253 pivoted at 254 and biased, by a spring 255, against the side of a block 256 provided on the top side of the blade. When the blade reaches closed position, the detent arm is snapped over the top of the block under the influence of the spring 255 to latch the switch 248 closed. A step 253 on the end of the detent arm serves by its impingement against the side of the block to define the operative position of the detent arm.

From the foregoing description, it will be seen that as a short-circuited condenser is carried from position A to position B, the relay coil 245 is energized to cause the switch 248 to be latched in closed position. This closing of the switch 248 serves to prepare the ejecting means for operation as is hereinafter explained.

The prime mover for the ejecting means cornprises a solenoid 250. This solenoid has a vertically disposed armature 25! coupled by a link 252 to a lever 263 which is supported by a standard 234 through a link 2%, the link 252 having pivotal connections 256 to the armature and lever and the link 255 having pivotal connections 25l to the lever and standard. The end of the lever adjacent the armature 26! is pivotally connected at 2 58 to arod 259 which slides vertically in a long bearing 27!! of the housing 242. To the upper end of this rod there is secured an arm 27! which overhangs the table and carries a downwardly extending pin 212 directly overhead the condenser at the rest position B aforementioned. The rod 259 is normally held in raised position, wherein the pin 212 is above the level of the tumblers H, by a tension spring 213 acting on the lever 25-3 as is shown in Figure 4. When the solenoid 259 is however energized the rod 259 is propelled downwardly in opposition to the action of the spring 273 to cause the pin 272 to enter the tumbler at position B and push the condenser downwardly out of the tumbler.

At position B, a portion of the retaining plate id is cut away and a trap door 215 is provided in its place. This trap door, which is illustrated in Figure 6, is hinged to the retaining plate at 276 and normally held horizontally in closed position by a tension spring 211 connected between the door and a bracket 1'18 on the plate. The spring 271 however, yields to the pressure exerted against the door by a condenser being ejected, the trap door then springing back to closed position when the condenser being ejected has fallen free of the door.

The solenoid 25! has a: circuit 280 serially including a pair of terminals 28$ adapted to make connection with a suitable source of current, the switch 268 hereinbefore' described and another switch 282. This latterswitchis ofthesame: type as the switch 248, comprising a movable blade 2&3 and a semi-stationary blade 283' both held insulatedl ina stack 284 by the aforementioned bracket 25!. To simplify the structure, the two movable blades 2 .19 and 2&3 of the switches 2 78 and 282 are made integral with one another, the same being bent at right angles as is shown in Figure 4-. The blade 283' is; biased to open position but is actuated intermfttently to closed position by a earn 285 having a hump 285' on the periphery thereof. This camis'secured toa shaft 2% from whence it receives one revolution of continuous rotation for each step of advance of the table M. The cam' is sothned that theh-ump 285" will engage the switch blade 28% and close the switch 282' during each rest period of the table. Should the switch 248 be open when the switch 282 is thus closed, no action will result from the closing-f the switch. However, should the switch 2 48 have been latched closed in response to a short circuited condenser having been conveyed from position to position 13, into contact with" the blades: as 9,, the" subsequent closing of the switch 282 close -the circuit of the solenoid 25d, thereby causing thesolcnofd' to be energized and the defective condenser to be ejected from the tumbler" waneit, is at rest at position B.

In the continuing movement of the cam 285 following the closing of-ithe switch 232", the hump 285' comes intocontact with. a: horizontal" arm 28? provided on" the detent arm 253' and cams. the detent arm on from the block 2516to release. the switch 248 toopen position. This opening of the switch 248 restores the testingmeans to. initial condition-a; condition for reoperatibn-and completes one cycle of operations of the station. The opening of the switch 2'43 is'tiinedj to take place before the next succeedin condenser is brought into? contact" with the blades 2411}. thus, the station is rendered ready'to' test. the next succeeding condenser and to again eJject the same should it test defective;

The capacity testing station; 3471: next in line following the short-circuit testing station 111st described. This station-distinguishes fronrthe the short-circuit testing station principally only in the circuit connection between the blades 2% and the relayZ'd 5 In this case; the blades leadto one leg of a capa'citybrid'ge circuit 2 90' which may for example be of the; type shown. in Figure 7. This type of bridge circuit; is. welliknownfl comprising a standard. fixed. condenser 29! in series with the blades 2'45). (acrosswhich. the test condenser isapplied).- and a. pair of-ter-minalsisz for making. connection with a source of. A-.Ca voltage. Bridging the serial: arrangement of these: con;- densers are. two resistorsl efi andlllll connected inv series. the resistors; having-f relative" values determinedby that whichzthe testscondcnsercis. to have: in relation: to the: standard: condenser." 291*.

As a typical example, the standard condenser 2-8! may have a value of capacity equal to that which the test condensers are to have, the resistors then having a unity ratio. When a test condenser deviates from the assigned value of the standard condenser, an unbalance voltage will appear across the junction terminals 2% between the condensers and resistors respectively.- This volt age is utilized for actuating the relay 346 to close the switch. 248 and prepare the ejecting solenoid 280 for operation,

The prescribed limit of tolei ancewhichthe test condenser may have is determined by the amount of unbalance voltage across the terminals 294 required to actuate the relay 246. For'close tol erances, there may be provided a sensitive inter mediate relay 295 between-the terminals 294 and the relay MG.- In this case the coil of this relay 295 is connected directly to the terminals 294 and the switch 297 of the" relay-which is biased open-is connected serially inth circuit 244111 place of the blades 24D asi-r'i the short-circuit testing station. Any condenser under test new ating in capacity from that or the standard con: denser 29! to such extent as willcreat'e' anunbalance voltage across the terminals=- 2 94 sufilcient to actuate the relay 295 willresult' in the" switch 2:38 being latched closedt Such condenser will thus cause the solenoid 260 to be prepared for operation. When this condenser comes to rest position at its next succeedings'top position; the solenoid 250 will be: actuated through the closing of the switch 232 bythecam 284 as aforedescribed, and'that condenser will be then ejected from the machine.- Accordingly, this testing station will operate to sort the condensers according to'prescribed limits of tolerance, this sorting being such that those condensers'whose capacity falls beyond the prescribed limits are here ejected from the machine while the other condensers are carried on by the table to be later elected by the ejecting station 36.-

Afeature ofthe electing station hasparticular importance in view of the manner in which the condensers are sealedat the ends bythe sealing stations. The last sealingstation 32a,- which is fractionally shown in Figurefi; may therefore be herein next described It: will be understood that both ends of each condenser are sealedin like manner, and that at the. latter sealing station 3'2athe bottom end of the condenser will already have been scaled as shown in Figure 3. To seal theupper end a molten wax is poured: into the top end space of the: condenser shell'fr'om acontai ner 220 through a snout 221', the container being" supported above the shelf l5 and the snout being'extended down wardly fromthebottom of the'c'ont'ainer as shown. The: discharge of the waxfromthe container is controlled by a metering valve 2-22- carried on the lower end of. a long stem 223- which extends upwardly through the Wax to the top" of the'co'r'itainer, the stem being slidably' mounted in bearings 224 to move vertically to-placethevalve into open and closed positions. The valveis' coupled through a rock lever 235 to a vertical rod 234, the lever 235 being pivoted to a standard 236 and pivotally connected at 231- and 238 to the-rod 23" andfstem 223 respectively; Once during e'achrest period of the table I 4 the'rod 234 is moved'dowiiwardly to open the valve 222 momentarily and cause a quantityof molten wax to" be discharged into the top end space of the-- condenser Shell. Toassure that the end of the condenser'will be sealed positively,. enough: waxis discharged to fill the entire end space in the shell. In so doing, however, the wax may pile up as shown in Figure 3, and some may overrun the edges of the shell and cover the ends of the tumbler. It is a feature of the present invention to break off this excess wax as an incident to ejecting the finished condenser from the machine so that no wax will overhang the shell of the finished condenser.

The ejecting station 30 is positioned suitably beyond the capacity testing station as shown in Figure 1. This station is actuated intermittently during successive rest periods of the table to eject the condensers successively conveyed thereto. The ejecting operation is performed by pushing the condensers downwardly through their tumblers into a chute 30b which directs the condensers into a suitable container not shown. However, each condenser is displaced upwardly in relation to its tumbler before each ejecting operation. In

view of the condenser shell snugly fitting the tumbler, any excess wax at the bottom end thereof is broken off as the condenser is so displaced upwardly, and any excess wax at the top end is broken off as the condenser is ejected downwardly from the tumbler.

The ejecting mechanism is shown in detail in Figures 8, 9 and 10, and comprises an upright plunger Sill mounted to slide vertically in a boss 302 of a housing 303 that is secured suitably to the side of the main frame iii. The plunger extends above the level of the table 14 and has an arm 304 secured to the upper end thereof which overhangs the table and carries a depending rod 3% positioned in line overhead with the bore of the tumbler at the ejecting station. The lower end of the plunger has a slidable pivotal connection 388 to a rock lever 30'! which is pivoted at 3&8 to the housing. Journalled to the rock lever, between the pivots 306 and 308, is a roller 309 which rides on a cam 3") under the influence of a spring 3! i acting on the lever to bias the plunger downwardly. The cam 3l0 is carried by a shaft 312 from which it receives one revolution of continuous movement for each step of advance of the table U5. major peripheral distance thereof and a recession Bit" along substantially its remaining peripheral distance. The cam is so timed with the travel of the table 14 that the roller 309 registers with the dwell 310' while the table is being adnamed, to hold the plunger stationary at normal level wherein the rod 305 is held raised above the level ofthe tumblers. When the table is at rest, however, the roller traverses the recession 310 of the cam and causes the plunger to receive a downward reciprocation, under the action of the spring til I, to move the rod 305 into the tumbler and eject the condenser therefrom, the retaining plate #30 being here removed so as not to obstruct the path of the condenser being ejected.

To impart an upward displacement to the condenser before each ejecting operation just described, there is mounted on the plunger a lateral pin 313 which has an upturned finger 314. This pin is secured to a collar H?) which is within a cylindrical recess 3&5 extending down into the boss 302 and which slidably embraces an upper reduced-diameter portion 30V of the plunger. The collar is pressed downwardly against a shoulder 3H, formed on the plunger incident to reducing the diameter of the portion 301', by a compression spring Sit interposed between the collar and a plug 318' threaded into the recess 3H3. The pin 313 extends through a slot 319 in the wall of the recess which is curved, as is shown This cam has a dwell 3!!! along a in Figure 9, to cam the pin back and forth about the plunger as a center as the collar 315 is reciprocated vertically, this camming of the pin being such as to place the pin directly below the tumbler at the ejecting station, with the finger 3M in line with the bore of the tumbler, when the collar is in raised position, and to place the pin off to the side of the tumbler, in the position shown by dash-dot lines in Figure 10, when the collar is in lowered position. On the cam 3H], at a point just precedin the recession 3l0", is a hump 32! which serves to raise the plunger above normal level and to place the collar 3 I 5 into raised position before each ejecting operation, the pin 3l3 being thus moved to cause the finger thereof to bear against the condenser to be ejected and displace it vertically. When the plunger is then next lowered the pin M3 is first retracted and spaced laterally of the tumbler and then the condenser is ejected downwardly out of the tumbler. When the plunger has been restored to normal level following an ejection operation, it will be held there by the dwell 3H3 of the cam 310 while the table is being advanced, after which the ejecting mechanism will be again actuated in the manner above described.

Between the ejecting station just described and the loading station there are provided a set of upper and lower stationary knives 320 and 320 which are positioned respectively in line horizontally with the upper and lower ends of the tumblers ll. These knives serve, as the tumblers pass thereby, to scrape the ends of the tumblers and thus remove any surplus wax which may have been deposited thereon at the sealing stations.

I have herein shown and described a preferred embodiment of my invention, but it will be understood that this embodiment is illustrative and not limitative thereof as the same is subject to changes and modifications without departure from the scope of my invention. Also, it will be understood that while I have generally described the present invention in connection with an automatic condenser assembling apparatus, the invention has useful commercial application as an independent machine for sorting condensers according to their electrical characteristics. For instance, upon feeding the condensers successively into the tumblers ll of the table 14, those condensers which are short circuited are ejected at station 34, those whose capacities are not within a prescribed range are ejected at station 34a and those which have tested correct are ejected at station 36. This automaic sorting-together with the removing of the excess wax at the condenser ends as above explained-are carried out in an efiicient and effective manner by an improved machine the novel features of which I endeavor to set forth according to the following claims.

I claim:

1. In a machine of the character described: the combination of a conveyor having holders for condensers; means for successively ejecting said condensers from said holders; and means coupled to said ejecting means and actuated preliminary to the ejection of each condenser, for moving the condenser in a direction reversed from that in which the condenser is ejected.

2. In a machine of the character described including a tubular container for a condenser: the combination of means actuatable to displace the condenser in one direction in relation to its container; and means, actuated subsequent to the actuation of said displacing means, for ejecting the condenser in the reversed direction from said container.

3. In a machine of the character described including an open-ended container for a condenser: the combination of means actuatable to enter said container from one end and impart a limited movement to the condenser in relation to the container; means to retract said movement-imparting means from said container and displace it laterally away from the open end of the container; and means, controlling said retracting means and timed therewith to enter said container from the other end while said movement-imparting means is held displaced in retracted position, for ejecting the condenser from said container.

4. In a condenser assembling machine including an open-ended tubular holder for a condenser body and shell, and means for introducing a sealing material into the end spaces of said shell; the combination of a member movable into one end of said holder for displacin the assembled shell and body units relative thereto; a plunger movable into the other end of said holder for ejecting the unit therefrom; means for operating said member and plunger in sequence; and means associated with said plunger and actuated relative to its holder and thereupon ejectin the condenser from the holder in the other direction.

HAROLD I. DANZIGER.

REFERENCES CITED The following referenlces are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,055,839 Tucker Mar. 11, 1913 1,763,738 Avis June 17, 1930 1,934,250 Wynne Nov. 7, 1933 1,975,938 Grover Oct. 9, 1934 1,991,223 Ledig Feb. 12, 1935 2,016,455 Purdy Oct. 8, 1935 2,362,691 Gaiser Nov. 14, 1944 

